CASP9 and leukemia: Results showed that A14 treatment could enhance cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in Jurkat cells and THP-1 cells along with inducing the upregulation of caspase-3 downstream, thereby cutting substrate cleaved PARP compared to the control group in both leukemia cells, leading to PARP cutting (Fig. 5A–C).