Pembrolizumab (KEYTRUDA), a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1, has been approved as a single agent for the adjuvant treatment of patients with RCC at intermediate-high or high risk of recurrence following nephrectomy, or following nephrectomy and resection of metastatic lesions [144]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and renal cell carcinoma.