NFE2L2 and lung carcinoma: Again, in lung cancer cell lines, NRF2 has been shown to accelerate proliferation by upregulating the expression of genes involved in the pentose phosphate pathway (G6PD, PGD, TKT, TALDO1, ME1, IDH1) through conserved AREs in their regulatory regions and in de novo nucleotide synthesis (PPAT, MTHFD2) (Mitsuishi et al, 2012).