Furthermore, to exclude a potential impact of PHD2 in epithelial cells on CAC growth, we also induced AOM/DSS tumors in Villin:Cre-Phd2fl/fl mice, which are Phd2 deficient in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of the small intestine and colon (38, 39). Here, EGLN1 is linked to infectious otitis media.