Additionally, the most obvious finding to emerge from the analysis above was that CRE, ALT, CysC, BU, GGT, PLT, Ccr and BU/CRE and other indicators were risk factors for the development of vancomycin-associated AKI, which was consistent with the results of previous studies (Frazee et al., 2017; Griffin et al., 2019). Here, GPT is linked to acute kidney injury.