TNF and Plasmodium vivax malaria: Patients that had Chagas cardiomyopathy or Plasmodium vivax malaria and presented polymorphisms in the -22C/G and -348C/T promoter region of BAT1, lead to the increased expression on pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically, TNF-α and IL-6 when compared to patients that did not have polymorphisms in the promoter region of BAT1 (15–20).