We then asked whether the response of memory CD8+ T cell subsets to nasal Foralumab included the induction of TIGIT which is associated with the IV administered anti-CD3 antibody Teplizumab (32) that has efficacy in treating T1D patients (9) and the induction of certain KIR family member genes which have recently been shown to play a role in regulating autoimmune responses (33). Here, CD8A is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.