MAPK1 and diabetic kidney disease: In this study, the author explored the therapeutic potential of several metabolites of Momordica charantia and reported that quercetin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and catechin are the potential metabolites that exhibit a significant interaction with the genes such as G6PD, MAPK1, MAPK3, NOS, PTGS2, PON1, ILs, etc. and alleviating diabetic nephropathy and its associated complications [34].