BRAF and melanoma: Since half of the total melanomas show the V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutation, they may respond to targeted therapies with BRAF (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, encorafenib) and/or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors (trametinib, cobimetinib, binimetinib).