CDKN1A and lung cancer: Beta-Caryophyllene exerting anti-proliferative activities in lung cancer cells A549 and NCI-H358 cells has been attributed to the induction of G 1 phase cell cycle arrest through downregulating cyclin D1, and other cyclin-dependent kinases, which was associated with upregulating p21CIP1 and p27KIP1 [5].