PNPLA3 and diabetes mellitus: However, while the association with age per year (OR = 1.078 [95% CI 1.059–1.097]), male sex (OR = 3.174 [95% CI 2.081–4.480], diabetes (OR = 1.930 [95% CI 1.399–2.662] and the PNPLA3 148M risk variant (OR = 2.083 [95% CI 1.492–2.909] remained highly significant in multivariate analysis (Table 3), the association with each of the SAMM50 minor alleles was lost when the regression model included the PNPLA3 I148M risk variant, suggesting that variation of SAMM50 rs3827385 and rs3761472 are linked to the risk factor PNPLA3 148M.