AD and T2D are amyloidogenic pathologies characterized by an abnormal aggregation of the Aβ peptide and the pancreatic islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), also known as amylin, in the brain and in the pancreas, respectively, both contributing to cell death and the pathogenesis of these diseases [26,34,149,150,151]. This evidence concerns the gene IAPP and Alzheimer disease.