The investigation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), receptor tyrosine kinase ROS proto-oncogene 1(ROS1), rearranged in transfection (RET), and neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) translocations, and the identification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), V-RAF mouse sarcoma virus oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF), and mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (MET) mutations have already been included in the NSCLC diagnostic standards. The gene discussed is ROS1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.