Contrarily, in their recent meta-analysis of DKD patients, Dai et al. [34] reported that probiotics improved multiple biomarkers of renal injury, including serum Cr, BUN, Cys-C, the Alb/Cr ratio, and sodium, but this analysis stemmed from the exclusion of a study of elderly DN patients by [69] due to language-based exclusion criteria. Here, ALB is linked to liver dysplastic nodule.