The patients with GDM displayed significantly higher all-plasma glucose values following the OGTT, higher fasting insulin levels, higher HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indexes, and markedly lower quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI-IS) and values in some lipid components (total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C)) than the women with NGT. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.