An over-reactive TLR3 signaling driven by viral, or endogenous dsRNA from dying cells, has been implicated as a common driver in several diseases including viral infections [86,87,88], acute respiratory distress syndrome [90], asthma, organ transplant complications, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes or autoimmune reactions such as arthritis [76,77,89,91,92,93]. Here, TLR3 is linked to viral infectious disease.