SOST and calcification: Although recent reviews point out the association between increased sclerostin levels and large carotid intima media thickness, severe vascular calcification, and high arterial stiffness, as well as with an increased prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques and the development of other cardiovascular events [58,59], the role of sclerostin as an inhibitor of mineralization could suggest that the increase in sclerostin could be a reflection of a compensatory mechanism to slow down vascular calcification.