Deregulation of the BCR signalling in PKCα-KR-transduced cells, summarised in Figure 4A, is highlighted by a number of features including CD45 and CD19 upregulation in the CLL-like PKCα-KR cells (indicated in pink; previously confirmed by flow cytometry [12]), together with an upregulation of signalling components proximal to BCR-mediated signalling (Lyn, Btk, Blnk) while Syk, Pten and Pdk1 are downregulated (indicated in green) compared to MIEV control cells. Here, BTK is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.