BRCA1 and breast cancer: In a 1994 study by Ford et al. [41] of 33 families with linkage to BRCA1 (including 464 BRCA1 PV carriers) in North America and Western Europe in the Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium (BCLC), only one carrier was found to have GC, which did not significantly vary from what was expected (0.76 cases expected) based on population metrics (RR 1.11, p > 0.05).