Moreover, the introduction of osimertinib in postoperative treatment of EGFR addicted NSCLC [90] as well as the different targeted therapies under evaluation in early-stage disease [91] make mandatory a precocious molecular profiling in early-stage NSCLC to inform decisions on adjuvant and neoadjuvant strategies. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.