We have shown for the first time that the application of MSC-derived EVs to SOD1 and C9orf72 patients’ astrocytes and adult mouse SOD1G93A astrocytes significantly rescued MN death, suggesting the possibility of replacing the MSC cell grafts in ALS with a less invasive and immunogenic administration of EVs [42,74]. The gene discussed is C9orf72; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.