Although IL-4 was traditionally classified as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, previous works discovered that IL-4 is involved in the development of atherosclerosis, with a proinflammatory role in EBD and enhancement of monocyte recruitment through the upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in ECs [40,41]. The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is atherosclerosis.