ATM and cancer: Similar to the promoter methylation occurred in BRCA1/2, promoter methylation was present in nearly half of the BRCAness genes, and their expression were silenced in many cancer types in cancer type-specific manner; (4) the defects in BRCAness genes were strong prognostics markers as BRCA1/2 mutation, as shown in the BRCAness genes of CHEK2, ATM, RAD51D, EMSY, PALB2, BRIP1, ERCC1, RAD50, ATR, RAD51C in ovarian cancer [47].