Additionally, inflammatory cells such as B/T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, and macrophages have been found in the plexiform lesions of patients with severe PAH, and the pulmonary vascular endothelium of PAH patients expressed high levels of chemokines such as RANTES and fractalkine [17]. The gene discussed is CX3CL1; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.