The results showed a significantly higher number of CD86 cells (M1 Kupffer cells) in PBC mice relative to controls (Supplementary Figure S1A), whereas the number of CD206 cells (M2 Kupffer cells) in the PCS-treated group increased significantly relative to control mice (Supplementary Figure S1B), with concordant changes in the M1:M2 ratio observed in each group (Supplementary Figure S1C). Here, CD86 is linked to primary biliary cholangitis.