STAT3 and carcinoma of esophagus: Milk protein transcription was related to expressions of JAK/STAT pathway genes, such as transcription factor 3 (STAT3) and protein tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2) [16]; the study reported that genistein suppressed the JAK2 and STAT3 expression, leading to proliferation inhibition in esophageal carcinoma cells, which suggested that increasing JAK2 and STAT3 expression could promote cell proliferation.