Supplementing with retinyl palmitate at doses of (10,000 and 50,000 IU/day) lowered TNF-α levels in pregnant and lactating women, as well as persons with hepatitis B., while in obese women, both retinyl palmitate and retinol supplementation elevated CRP levels, and unhealthy conditions such as MS and pneumonia were seen. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and hepatitis B virus infection.