Here, we identified mTORC1 as a “double-edged sword” in liver injury in the very early stage of the disease in the murine hepatitis model: Whereas mTORC1-activated hepatocytes secrete miR-329-3p to promote KC death, which results in an alleviation of the inflammatory response and liver injury, mTORC1-activated KCs express increased levels of CFB proteins to activate the complement alterative pathway, which aggravates hepatocyte death and liver injury (Fig. 6k). Here, TBCE is linked to hepatitis A virus infection.