Expression of the highly conserved anti-inflammatory cytokine TGFβ1 has been reported to change in MG-63 cells infected with four different clinically isolated S. aureus strains (43), with 2 of them causing downregulation in the short and one upregulation in the long timeframe (3 and 24 hours post infection, respectively). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is infection.