Studies have also found that the expression of the pro-inflammatory macrophage markers monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and CD11c increased in the myocardial mRNA of obese mice, suggesting that obesity induces inflammatory cells and factors infiltration of cardiomyocytes (22), implying the role of inflammation in HFpEF. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.