GAPDH and hepatocellular carcinoma: The GAPDH gene cfDII-fragmentation following normalization with healthy control cfDNA found significantly (p < 0.0001) higher in HCC patients (13.784, IQR-0.398–178.44) than that of CLD (1.248, IQR-0.228–5.856) patients (Table 3C; Figure 4C).