A systematic review showed that serum elastin peptides (SEP) and plasmin-antiplasmin (PAP) complexes have the strongest association with AAA, and matrix-degrading metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) are promising for use in clinical applications (Urbonavicius et al., 2008). The gene discussed is ELN; the disease is triple-A syndrome.