Compared with chemotherapy, first-line pembrolizumab achieved a significantly longer PFS of 10.3 versus 6.0 months and a higher ORR of 44.8% versus 27.8%, and second-line pembrolizumab also prolonged OS (14.9 months in the pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg group vs. 8.2 months in the docetaxel group and 17.3 months in the pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg group vs. 8.2 months in the docetaxel group, respectively) in PD-L1-positive, advanced NSCLC patients without EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangement [175, 176]. Here, EGFR is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.