LncRNA PVT1 affects the downstream proteins BMP2 and BMP4, which regulate the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway, by interacting with miR-128-3p and regulating Gremlin 1(GREM1), thereby affecting glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration (Fu et al., 2018). Here, GREM1 is linked to central nervous system cancer.