VEGFA and central nervous system cancer: miR-23b affects the survival and invasion of glioma cells by targeting and modulating the von Hippel–Lindau (VHL), thereby inhibiting the Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a/vascular endothelial growth factor (HIF-1a/VEGF) pathway and b-catenin/Tcf-4 transcription (Chen et al., 2012a).