Proteomic analysis of PEVs isolated at the time of GDM diagnosis showed differential expression of Calcium/calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II beta (CAMK2β) and Pappalysin-1 (PAPP-A), which are capable of influencing insulin signaling and glucose metabolic pathways (Jayabalan et al., 2019a). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.