In the multivariate analysis of model 2, an ESR ≥ 4.6 in addition to conventional variables (model 1: PSA level and prostate volume), an ESR ≥ 4.6 remained a significant predictor of prostate cancer (OR = 5.71, p = 0.002) (Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.