Comparisons across the early- and late-stages of infection showed that cells from CHs had an early expression of genes associated with exhaustion (PDCD1, ENTPD1), and cytotoxicity, including NK-like genes NKG7, GNLY, KLRC2, and KLRC3 (encoding for NKG2C and NKG2E, respectively) (Fig. 3h). Here, PDCD1 is linked to infection.