When ranking tumor cells of 1C along their latent time estimated using RNA velocity with the expression of cell stemness related marker genes (i.e., EPCAM, KRT19, ICAM1)16 and a tumor progression related gene (i.e., SPP1)20, we found a similar gene expression pattern among sampling regions while varying expression among individual cells (Fig. 2b). This evidence concerns the gene EPCAM and neoplasm.