In contrast to the generally oncogenic functions of ADAR1 involved in breast cancer [39], hepatocellular carcinoma [12, 34], lung cancer [40], gastric cancer [15], myeloma [10, 41] and leukemia [42], ADAR1 also exhibited tumor suppressive roles in metastatic melanoma [43, 44]. The gene discussed is ADAR; the disease is lung carcinoma.