TGFB1 and cancer: As exosomes and MVs contain many of the same cancer-promoting signaling proteins, such as Tg2, VEGF, and TGFβ (Shinde et al., 2020; Feng et al., 2017; Ringuette Goulet et al., 2018; Ko et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2020), MVs may also signal to endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis and travel to secondary sites to promote pre-metastatic niche formation.