Currently, PGC-1α, a co-transcriptional regulation factor capable of inducing mitochondrial biogenesis by activating TFAM expression, is proposed as the one pharmacologic target, and several lines of agents aiming at PGC-1α including PPAR-γ agonist, β2-adrenergic receptor agonist and 5-HT2 agonists are under clinical evaluation or development for treating AKI [38]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and acute kidney injury.