CD4 counts of < 50 cells/μl (aOR = 2.221, 95%CI = [1.775, 2.779]), CD4 counts of 50–199 cells/μl (aOR = 1.659, 95%CI = [1.327, 2.073]), female (aOR = 1.644, 95%CI = [1.436, 1.881]) co-infected with HCV (aOR = 1.465, 95%CI = [1.071, 2.002]), PM (aOR = 2.356, 95%CI = [1.950, 2.849]), or TB (aOR = 1.198, 95%CI = [1.053, 1.365]) were significantly related to an increased risk of anemia. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and anemia (phenotype).