The clustering analysis of KEGG pathways indicated that the SDEPs from HCC plasma sEVs were mainly involved in the complement and coagulation cascade pathways (Fig. 6B), including C1QB, C1QC, C4BPA, C4BPB, F13B, FGA, FGB, FGG, SERPIND1, PROS1, and VTN. The gene discussed is PROS1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.