Accumulating evidence has revealed that HOTAIR, which is upregulated in a variety of cancers, contributes to chemoresistance in cancer cells by various mechanisms, such as inhibition of cell apoptosis, dysregulation of cell cycle, enhancements of EMT, autophagy, and self-renewal of cancer stem cells, interference with DNA repair, and alteration of drug efflux pump [84]. Here, HOTAIR is linked to cancer.