Immune cells, such as T cells, NK cells, Macro/DCs and B cells in the epidermis of DLE and SLE, highly expressed CXCR3 (Fig. 9c), which is a receptor for the chemokine ligand CCL20 with higher expression levels in keratinocytes of DLE and SLE patients than in those of HCs. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR3 and systemic lupus erythematosus.