Our result indicated activation of PANoptosis in heart tissues of DCM patients manifested as increased levels of AIM2, ZBP1, Pyrin (essential members of PANoptosome) (Supplementary Fig. S3a–c), active forms of Caspase1 and GSDMD (pyroptosis markers) (Supplementary Fig. S3d, e), active forms of Caspase3 and Caspase8 (apoptosis markers) (Supplementary Fig. S3f, g), and phosphorylation of MLKL, RIPK1, RIPK3 (necroptosis markers) (Supplementary Fig. S3h–j). Here, GSDMD is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.