ULK1 S469 phosphorylation, reported to reduce the occurrence of autophagy54, was upregulated in 3p deletion tumors (p = 0.0381) (Fig. 4e), indicating that the deletion of 3p in tRCC tumors might result in the impairment of autophagy. The gene discussed is ULK1; the disease is renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions.