RAP1A and diabetic retinopathy: In addition, GO terms and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that Mingmu Dihuang pill may be effective for treatment of diabetic retinopathy through biological processes of positive regulation of cell migration, response to inorganic substance, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway via the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, Erb B signaling pathway, and Foxo signaling pathway.