The mechanisms underlying the potential therapeutic efficacy of adjunctive rhuIL-2 for patients with pulmonary TB are likely to be mainly dependent on the role of IL-2 for the restoration and stimulation of the innate immunity of the host against Mtb. In order for macrophages to kill mycobacteria, Mtb-specific T lymphocytes are essential [45]. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and pulmonary tuberculosis.