ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Advanced NSCLC studies have shown that concurrent genetic alterations, including common alterations (intra-EGFR co-mutation, TP53, PIK3CA, and PTEN) and driver gene alterations (ALK, KRAS, ROS1, and MET), may affect EGFR-TKI efficacy and partially explain the heterogeneous clinical outcomes (Guo et al., 2020).